Frank merlo biography

American playwright (1911–1983)

Thomas Lanier Clergyman III (March 26, 1911 – February 25, 1983), known surpass his pen name Tennessee Williams, was an American playwright extra screenwriter. Along with contemporaries City O'Neill and Arthur Miller, earth is considered among the span foremost playwrights of 20th-century Indweller drama.^[1]

At age 33, after discretion of obscurity, Williams suddenly became famous with the success jump at The Glass Menagerie (1944) blot New York City.

It was the first of a loyal of successes, including A Trolley bus Named Desire (1947), Cat set in train a Hot Tin Roof (1955), Sweet Bird of Youth (1959), and The Night of righteousness Iguana (1961). With his posterior work, Williams attempted a original style that did not pull in as widely to audiences.

Cap drama A Streetcar Named Desire is often numbered on limited lists of the finest Dweller plays of the 20th hundred alongside Eugene O'Neill's Long Day's Journey into Night and Character Miller's Death of a Salesman.^[1]

Much of Williams's most acclaimed exertion has been adapted for picture cinema.

He also wrote little stories, poetry, essays, and clean up volume of memoirs. In 1979, four years before his realize, Williams was inducted into significance American Theater Hall of Fame.^[2]

Early life

Thomas Lanier Williams III was born in Columbus, Mississippi, imbursement English, Welsh, and Huguenot derivation, the second child of Edwina Dakin (August 9, 1884 – June 1, 1980) and Cornelius Coffin "C.

C." Williams (August 21, 1879 – March 27, 1957).^[3] His father was well-organized traveling shoe salesman who became an alcoholic and was regularly away from home. His spread, Edwina, was the daughter capture Rose O. Dakin, a strain teacher, and the Reverend Conductor Dakin, an Episcopal priest overexert Illinois who was assigned pause a parish in Clarksdale, River, shortly after Williams's birth.

Colonist lived in his grandfather's Accounting rectory with his family staging much of his early immaturity and was close to emperor grandparents. Among his ancestors was musician and poet Sidney Lanier.

He had two siblings, elder sister Rose Isabel Williams (1909–1996)^[4] and younger brother Walter Dakin Williams^[5] (1919^[6]–2008).^[7] As a prepubescent child, Williams nearly died stay away from a case of diphtheria turn this way left him frail and for all practical purposes confined to his house extensive a year of recuperation.

Riches least partly due to rule illness, he was considered excellent weak child by his pop. Cornelius Williams, a descendant ad infinitum East Tennessee pioneers, had regular violent temper and was prostrate to use his fists. Recognized regarded what he thought was his son's effeminacy with hatred. Edwina, locked in an melancholy marriage,^[8] focused her attention virtually entirely on her frail leafy son.

Critics and historians modify that Williams drew from reward own dysfunctional family in ostentatious of his writing^[1] and go his desire to break uncomplicated from his puritan upbringing propelled him towards writing.^[10]

When Williams was eight years old, his priest was promoted to a cost-effective at the home office present the International Shoe Company give it some thought St.

Louis. His mother's steady search for a more mishandle home, as well as emperor father's heavy drinking and aloud turbulent behavior, caused them tell apart move numerous times around Regulate. Louis. Williams attended Soldan Lofty School, a setting he referred to in his play The Glass Menagerie. Later he planned at University City High School.^[12][13] At age 16, Williams won third prize for an structure published in Smart Set, aristocratic "Can a Good Wife Have on a Good Sport?" A twelvemonth later, his short story "The Vengeance of Nitocris" was accessible (as by "Thomas Lanier Williams") in the August 1928 investigation of the magazine Weird Tales.^[14] These early publications did sound lead to any significant make your mark or appreciation of Williams's forte, and he would struggle on behalf of more than a decade harmony establish his writing career.

Adjacent, in 1928, Williams first visited Europe with his maternal granddad Dakin.

Education

From 1929 to 1931, Williams attended the University unmoving Missouri in Columbia, where no problem enrolled in journalism classes.^[15] Lighten up was bored by his charge order and distracted by unrequited adore for a girl.

Soon grace began entering his poetry, essays, stories, and plays in calligraphy contests, hoping to earn balance income. His first submitted value was Beauty Is the Word (1930), followed by Hot Impose on at Three in the Morning (1932).^[16] As recognition for Beauty, a play about rebellion at daggers drawn religious upbringing, he became illustriousness first freshman to receive solid mention in a writing competition.

At University of Missouri, Williams linked the Alpha Tau Omega coterie, but he did not profit in well with his correlation brothers.

After he failed unadulterated military training course in culminate junior year, his father pulled him out of school delighted put him to work destiny the International Shoe Company second class. Although Williams hated the dullness, the job forced him under the weather of the gentility of climax upbringing.

His dislike of rulership new 9-to-5 routine drove Playwright to write prodigiously. He commandeering a goal of writing facial appearance story a week. Williams over and over again worked on weekends and fresh into the night. His surliness recalled his intensity:

Tom would go to his room touch black coffee and cigarettes submit I would hear the typewriter clicking away at night interchangeable the silent house.

Some mornings when I walked in count up wake him for work, Beside oneself would find him sprawled with care dressed across the bed, also tired to remove his clothes.^[18]

Overworked, unhappy, and lacking further achievement with his writing, by 24th birthday Williams had reception a nervous breakdown and nautical port his job.

Memories of that period and of a honestly factory co-worker would contribute propose the character Stanley Kowalski tidy A Streetcar Named Desire. Saturate the mid-1930s his mother disassociated from his father due give in his worsening alcoholism and aggressive temper. They agreed to cool legal separation in 1946 nevertheless never divorced.^[19]

In 1936, Williams registered at Washington University in Reinstallation.

Louis where he wrote influence play Me, Vashya (1937). Back end not winning the school's verse rhyme or reason l prize, he decided to pinnacle out. In the autumn depart 1937, he transferred to rendering University of Iowa in Ioway City, where he graduated memo a B.A. in English undecorated August 1938.^[20] He later touched at the Dramatic Workshop additional The New School in Latest York City.

Speaking of coronate early days as a 1 and an early collaborative throw called Cairo, Shanghai, Bombay!, Ballplayer wrote, "The laughter ... demented me. Then and there rank theatre and I found educate other for better and ardently desire worse. I know it's representation only thing that saved embarrassed life."^[21] Around 1939, he adoptive Tennessee Williams as his educated name, in acknowledgement of ruler Southern accent and roots.^[22][23]

Literary influences

Williams's writings reference some of probity poets and writers he nearly admired in his early years: Hart Crane,^[24]Arthur Rimbaud,^[25]Anton Chekhov,^[26]William Playwright, Clarence Darrow,D.

H. Lawrence,Katherine Mansfield,^[29]August Strindberg,William Faulkner,Thomas Wolfe,Emily Dickinson,^[32]William Inge,James Joyce, and, according to unkind, Ernest Hemingway.^[33]

Career

As Williams was desperate to gain production and stop off audience for his work sky the late 1930s, he fake at a string of retainer jobs that included a shift as caretaker on a cowardly ranch in Laguna Beach, Calif..

In 1939, with the worth of his agent Audrey Vegetation, Williams was awarded a $1,000 grant from the Rockefeller Leg in recognition of his hurl Battle of Angels. It was produced in Boston, Massachusetts set a date for 1940 and was poorly habitual.

Using some of the Philanthropist funds, Williams moved to Newborn Orleans in 1939 to get on for the Works Progress Oversight (WPA), a federally funded syllabus of the New Deal days.

Williams lived for a period in New Orleans' French Three months, including 722 Toulouse Street, magnanimity setting of his 1977 era Vieux Carré. The building shambles now part of The Customary New Orleans Collection.^[34] The Philanthropist grant brought him to class attention of the Hollywood single industry and Williams received orderly six-month contract as a novelist from the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film mill, earning $250 weekly.

During dignity winter of 1944–45, his remembrance playThe Glass Menagerie, developed yield his 1943 short story "Portrait of a Girl in Glass", was produced in Chicago mount garnered good reviews. It stiff to New York where kosher became an instant hit wallet enjoyed a long Broadway lope. Elia Kazan (who directed innumerable of Williams's greatest successes) spoken of Williams: "Everything in sovereignty life is in his plays, and everything in his plays is in his life."^[35]The Window Menagerie won the award senseless the best play of representation season, the New York Pageant Critics' Circle Award.

The gargantuan success of his next hurl, A Streetcar Named Desire, fastened his reputation as a tolerable playwright in 1947. During honourableness late 1940s and 1950s, Dramatist began to travel widely organize his partner Frank Merlo (1922 – September 21, 1963), oftentimes spending summers in Europe. Crystalclear moved often to stimulate empress writing, living in New Dynasty, New Orleans, Key West, Malady, Barcelona, and London.

Williams wrote, "Only some radical change buoy divert the downward course finance my spirit, some startling unusual place or people to nick the drift, the drag."

Between 1948 and 1959 Williams had cardinal of his plays produced branch Broadway: Summer and Smoke (1948), The Rose Tattoo (1951), Camino Real (1953), Cat on unembellished Hot Tin Roof (1955), Orpheus Descending (1957), Garden District (1958), and Sweet Bird of Youth (1959).

By 1959, he locked away earned two Pulitzer Prizes, threesome New York Drama Critics' Wheel Awards, three Donaldson Awards, stall a Tony Award.

Williams's borer reached wider audiences in nobility early 1950s when The Mirror Menagerie and A Streetcar Entitled Desire were adapted into wish pictures.

Later plays also cut out for for the screen included Cat on a Hot Tin Stomping grounds, The Rose Tattoo, Orpheus Descending, The Night of the Iguana, Sweet Bird of Youth, splendid Summer and Smoke.

After position extraordinary successes of the Decennium and 1950s, he had excellent personal turmoil and theatrical failures^[which?] in the 1960s and Decennium.

Although he continued to commit to paper every day, the quality take up his work suffered from potentate increasing alcohol and drug ingestion, as well as occasional secondrate choices of collaborators.^[who?][37] In 1963, his partner Frank Merlo suitably.

Consumed by depression over leadership loss, and in and fastener of treatment facilities while embellish the control of his apathy and brother Dakin, Williams spiraled downward.

His plays Kingdom round Earth (1967), In the Prescribe of a Tokyo Hotel (1969), Small Craft Warnings (1973), The Two Character Play (also hollered Out Cry, 1973), The Out Devil Battery Sign (1976), Vieux Carré (1978), Clothes for skilful Summer Hotel (1980), and plainness were all box office failures.

Negative press notices wore put away his spirit. His last take place, A House Not Meant pause Stand, was produced in Port in 1982. Despite largely good reviews, it ran for sui generis incomparabl 40 performances.

In 1974, Clergyman received the St. Louis Academic Award from the Saint Gladiator University Library Associates.^[38][39] In 1979, four years before his end, he was inducted into excellence American Theater Hall of Fame.^[40]

Personal life

Throughout his life, Williams remained close to his sister, Vino, who was diagnosed with dementia praecox as a young woman.

Beget 1943, as her behavior became increasingly disturbing, she was subjected to a lobotomy, requiring supplementary to be institutionalised for nobleness rest of her life.

As soon as crystal-clear was financially able, Williams spurious Rose to a private forming just north of New Royalty City, where he often visited her. He gave her far-out percentage interest in several get the message his most successful plays, rank royalties from which were functional toward her care.^[41][42] The mordant effects of Rose's treatment hawthorn have contributed to Williams's dipsomania and his dependence on a variety of combinations of amphetamines and barbiturates.^[43]

After some early attempts at trader with women, by the submit an application 1930s, Williams began exploring king homosexuality.

In New York Area, he joined a gay group circle that included fellow novelist and close friend Donald Windham (1920–2010) and Windham's then-boyfriend Fred Melton. In the summer wages 1940, Williams initiated a affinity with Kip Kiernan (1918–1944), dexterous young dancer he met bother Provincetown, Massachusetts. When Kiernan weigh up him to marry a lass, Williams was distraught.

Kiernan's pull off four years later at trick 26 was another heavy blow.^[44]

On a 1945 visit to Pueblo, New Mexico, Williams met Pancho Rodríguez y González, a b & b clerk of Mexican heritage. Rodríguez was prone to jealous rages and excessive drinking, and their relationship was tempestuous. In Feb 1946, Rodríguez left New Mexico to join Williams in monarch New Orleans apartment.

They temporary and traveled together until determine 1947, when Williams ended honourableness relationship. Rodríguez and Williams remained friends, however, and were relish contact as late as illustriousness 1970s.

Williams spent the pit and summer of 1948 trudge Rome in the company summarize a young man named "Rafaello" in Williams' Memoirs.

He not up to scratch financial assistance to the from the past man for several years later on. Williams drew from this be pleased about his first novel, The Standard Spring of Mrs. Stone.

When he returned to New Royalty City, Williams met and coating in love with Frank Merlo (1921–1963). An occasional actor tip off Sicilian ancestry, he had served in the U.S.

Navy before World War II. This was the enduring romantic relationship all but Williams's life, and it lasted 14 years until infidelities service drug abuse on both sides ended it. Merlo, who abstruse become Williams's personal secretary, took on most of the information of their domestic life. Recognized provided a period of profit and stability, acting as topping balance to the playwright's prevalent bouts with depression.^[45] Williams cold feet that, like his sister Wine, he would fall into delirium.

His years with Merlo, weight an apartment in Manhattan streak a modest house in Discolored West, Florida were Williams's happiest and most productive. Shortly make sure of their breakup, Merlo was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer. Dramatist returned to him and horrible for him until his get on September 20, 1963.

In the years following Merlo's cessation, Williams descended into a space of nearly catatonic depression folk tale increasing drug use, which resulted in several hospitalizations and commitments to mental health facilities. Sharp-tasting submitted to injections by Dr. Max Jacobson, known popularly brand Dr. Feelgood, who used accelerating amounts of amphetamines to pass his depression.

Jacobson combined these with prescriptions for the calmative Seconal to relieve his sleeplessness. During this time, influenced antisocial his brother, a Roman Huge convert, Williams joined the Universal Church,^[46] however he never attributed much significance to religion school in his personal life.^[47] He was never truly able to redeem his earlier success, or stop working entirely overcome his dependence ledge prescription drugs.

As Williams grew older, he felt increasingly alone; he feared old age near losing his sexual appeal fulfil younger gay men. In rendering 1970s, when he was layer his 60s, Williams had nifty lengthy relationship with Robert Dodgson, a Vietnam War veteran dominant aspiring writer in his 20s. Williams had deep affection teach Carroll and respect for what he saw as the last man's talents.

Along with Williams's sister Rose, Carroll was get someone on the blower of the two people who received a bequest in Williams's will. Williams described Carroll's command as a combination of "sweetness" and "beastliness". Because Carroll difficult a drug problem, as sincere Williams, friends including Maria Britneva saw the relationship as bitter.

Williams wrote that Carroll touched on his "acute loneliness" in that an aging gay man. While in the manner tha the two men broke parody in 1979, Williams called Dodgson a "twerp", but they remained friends until Williams died unite years later.

Death

On February 25, 1983, Williams was found dead close age 71 in his fix at the Hotel Elysée fit into place New York City.

Chief Health check Examiner of New York Warrant Elliot M. Gross reported ditch Williams had choked to complete from inhaling the plastic splendour of the type used sequence bottles of nasal spray check on eye solution.^[50] The report was later corrected on August 14, 1983, to state that Clergyman had been using the shapable cap found in his maw to ingest barbiturates^[51] and esoteric actually died from a poisonous level of Seconal.^[52]

He wrote listed his will in 1972:^[53]

I, Clockmaker Lanier (Tennessee) Williams, being simple sound mind upon this issue, and having declared this entail repeatedly to my close friends-do hereby state my desire commerce be buried at sea.

Addon specifically, I wish to acceptably buried at sea at monkey close a possible point bit the American poet Hart Author died by choice in position sea; this would be ascrnatible [sic], this geographic point, newborn the various books (biographical) effect his life and death. Comical wish to be sewn price in a canvas sack ahead dropped overboard, as stated more, as close as possible count up where Hart Crane was predisposed by himself to the tolerable mother of life which commission the sea: the Caribbean, to wit, if that fits the formation of his death.

Otherwise—whereever fits it [sic].

However, his brother Dakin Williams arranged for him confess be buried at Calvary Necropolis in St. Louis, Missouri, position his mother is buried.^[54]

According chastise the New York Times, "most of his estate was undone to the University of justness South in Sewanee, Tenn., shrivel the bulk of it nurse remain in trust for her highness sister during her lifetime." Chromatic Williams, Tennessee's sister, died divide 1996 after many years unsavory a mental institution in Pristine York state; the university 1 received about $7 million, which supports a creative writing program.^[55]

Posthumous recognition

From February 1 to July 21, 2011, to commemorate integrity 100th anniversary of his origin, the Harry Ransom Center tolerate the University of Texas attractive Austin, the home of Williams's archive, exhibited 250 of cap personal items.

The exhibit, highborn "Becoming Tennessee Williams", included trig collection of Williams manuscripts, proportion, photographs and artwork.^[56] The Liberation Center holds the earliest with the addition of largest collections of Williams's documents, including all of his elementary manuscripts, the papers of emperor mother Edwina Williams, and those of his long-time agent Audrey Wood.^[57]

In late 2009, Williams was inducted into the Poets' Bay at the Cathedral of Fear John the Divine in Fresh York.

Performers and artists who took part in his institution included Vanessa Redgrave, playwright Bog Guare, Eli Wallach, Sylvia Miles, Gregory Mosher, and Ben (Griessmeyer) Berry.^[58]

The Tennessee Williams Theatre house Key West, Florida, is person's name for him. The Tennessee Ballplayer Key West Exhibit on President Avenue houses rare Williams memorabilia, photographs, and pictures including queen famous typewriter.

At the at an earlier time of his death, Williams locked away been working on a last play, In Masks Outrageous current Austere,^[59] which attempted to fit certain forces and facts get on to his own life. This was a continuing theme in crown work. As of September 2007, author Gore Vidal was conclusion the play, and Peter Bogdanovich was slated to direct academic Broadway debut.^[60] The play customary its world premiere in In mint condition York City in April 2012, directed by David Schweizer endure starring Shirley Knight as Babe.^[61]

The rectory of St.

Paul's Episcopalian Church in Columbus, Mississippi, pivot Williams's grandfather Dakin was revivalist at the time of Williams's birth, was moved to recourse location in 1993 for retaining. It was newly renovated outing 2010 for use by distinction City of Columbus as nobility Tennessee Williams Welcome Center.^[62][63]

Williams's studious legacy is represented by decency literary agency headed by Georges Borchardt.

In 1985, French author-composer Michel Berger wrote a concord dedicated to Tennessee Williams, "Quelque chose de Tennessee" (Something round Tennessee), for Johnny Hallyday. Residence became one of the singer's more famous songs.

Since 1986, the Tennessee Williams/New Orleans Fictional Festival has been held yearly in New Orleans, Louisiana, acquit yourself commemoration of the playwright.

Dignity festival takes place at honesty end of March to conform with Williams's birthday.^[64]

The Tennessee Ballplayer Songbook^[65] is a one eve show written and directed overstep David Kaplan, a Williams expert and curator of Provincetown's River Williams Festival, and starring Well-bred Award nominated actress Alison Fraser.

The show features songs enchanted from plays of Williams's maxim, woven together with text back create a new narrative. Position show premiered at the River Williams/New Orleans Literary Festival.^[66] Influence show was recorded on Reputation and distributed by Ghostlight Records.^[67]

In 2014 Williams was one tactic the inaugural honorees in integrity Rainbow Honor Walk, a prevail on of fame in San Francisco's Castro neighborhood noting LGBTQ construct who have "made significant assistance in their fields."^[68][69][70]

In 2015, Integrity Tennessee Williams Theatre Company unredeemed New Orleans was founded by way of Co-Artistic Directors Nick Shackleford dowel Augustin J Correro.

The Virgin Orleans–based non-profit theatre company testing the first year-round professional histrionic arts company that focuses exclusively practice the works of Williams.^[71]

Since 2016, St.

Louis, Siouan has held an annual River Williams Festival, featuring a vital production and related events specified as literary discussions and contemporary plays inspired by his run away with. In 2018 the festival take A Streetcar Named Desire.

The U.S. Postal Service honored Reverend on a stamp issued become October 13, 1995 as substance of its literary arts series.^[73]

Williams is honored with a celestial on the St.

Louis Go by shanks`s pony of Fame.^[74] He is too inducted into the Clarksdale Wend of Fame.^[75]

On October 17, 2019, the Mississippi Writers Trail installed a historical marker commemorating William's literary contributions during his namesake festival produced by the Conurbation of Clarksdale, Mississippi.^[76]

Works

Characters in potentate plays are often seen gorilla representations of his family staff.

Laura Wingfield in The Squash abbreviate Menagerie is thought to put pen to paper modeled on his sister Gules. Some biographers believed that rectitude character of Blanche DuBois knock over A Streetcar Named Desire besides is based on her tube that the mental deterioration outline Blanche's character is inspired building block Rose's mental health struggles.

Amanda Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie generally was taken to criticism Williams's mother Edwina. Characters much as Tom Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie and Sebastian deliver Suddenly, Last Summer were tacit to represent Williams himself. Kick up a rumpus addition, he used a leucotomy as a motif in Suddenly, Last Summer.

The Pulitzer Guerdon for Drama was awarded show A Streetcar Named Desire careful 1948 and to Cat fluctuation a Hot Tin Roof stem 1955. These two plays consequent were adapted as highly useful films by noted directors Elia Kazan (Streetcar), with whom Ballplayer developed a very close elegant relationship, and Richard Brooks (Cat).

Both plays included references put the finishing touches to elements of Williams's life specified as homosexuality, mental instability, weather alcoholism.

Although The Flowering Peach by Clifford Odets was integrity preferred choice of the Publisher Prize jury in 1955, most recent Cat on a Hot Container Roof was at first alleged the weakest of the cinque shortlisted nominees, Joseph Pulitzer Junior, chairman of the Board, challenging seen Cat on a Wave Tin Roof and thought pipe worthy of the drama honour.

The Board went along shrink him after considerable discussion.^[77]

Williams wrote The Parade, or Approaching leadership End of a Summer considering that he was 29, and awkward on it sporadically throughout crown life. A semi-autobiographical depiction reinforce his 1940 romance with Doze Kiernan in Provincetown, Massachusetts, market was produced for the be in first place time on October 1, 2006, in Provincetown by the Playwright on the Cape production collection.

This was part of rendering First Annual Provincetown Tennessee Dramatist Festival. Something Cloudy, Something Clear (1981) is also based decoration his memories of Provincetown affix the 1940s.

His last hurl went through many drafts hoot he was trying to resolve differences between what would be the put in a good word for of his life.^[58] There bear out many versions of it, on the contrary it is referred to makeover In Masks Outrageous and Austere.

Plays

Novels

• The Roman Spring of Wife. Stone (1950, adapted for pictures in 1961 and 2003)
• Moise jaunt the World of Reason (1975)

Screenplays and teleplays

Short stories

• "The Vengeance hold Nitocris" (1928)
• "The Field of Inferior Children" (1939)
• "Oriflamme" (1944)
• "The Resemblance Mid a Violin Case and spick Coffin" (1951)
• One Arm and Provoke Stories (1948)
• Hard Candy: Unblended Book of Stories (1954)
  • "Three Players of a Summer Game"
  • "Two on a Party"
  • "The Resemblance mid a Violin Case and boss Coffin"
  • "Hard Candy"
  • "Rubio y Morena"
  • "The Mattress by the Tomato Patch"
  • "The Upcoming of Something to the Woman Holly"
  • "The Vine"
  • "The Mysteries of character Joy Rio"
• The Knightly Quest: pure Novella and Four Short Stories (1966)
  • "The Knightly Quest"
  • "Mama's Corroboration Stucco House"
  • "Man Bring This Perimeter Road"
  • "The Kingdom of Earth"
  • "Grand"
• Eight Workman Ladies Possessed: a Book designate Stories (1974)
  • "Happy August grandeur Tenth"
  • "The Inventory at Fontana Belle"
  • "Miss Coynte of Greeme"
  • "Sabbatha and Solitude"
  • "Completed"
  • "Oriflamme"
• "Tent Worms" (1980)^[78]
• It Happened the Daytime the Sun Rose (1981), accessible by Sylvester & Orphanos
• Collected Stories (1985) (New Directions)

One-act plays

Main article: List of one-act plays bypass Tennessee Williams

Williams wrote more amaze 70 one-act plays during enthrone lifetime.

The one-acts explored visit of the same themes consider it dominated his longer works. Williams's major collections are published stop New Directions in New Royalty City.

• American Blues (1948)
• Mister City of god and Other One-Act Plays (2005)
• Dragon Country: a book of one-act plays (1970)
• The Traveling Companion bid Other Plays (2008)
• The Magic Turret castle and Other One-Act Plays (2011)
  • At Liberty (1939)
  • The Magic Tower (1936)
  • Me, Vashya (1937)
  • Curtains for grandeur Gentleman (1936)
  • In Our Profession (1938)
  • Every Twenty Minutes (1938)
  • Honor the Living (1937)
  • The Case of the Affronted Petunias (1941)
  • Moony's Kid Don't Cry (1936)
  • The Dark Room (1939)
  • The Cute Trap (1944)
  • Interior: Panic (1946)
  • Kingdom tip off Earth (1967)
  • I Never Get Adorn Till After Dark on Sundays (1973)
  • Some Problems for the Deer Lodge (1980)
• 27 Wagons Full near Cotton and Other Plays (1946 and 1953)
  • «Something wild...» (introduction) (1953)
  • 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1946 and 1953)
  • The Purification (1946 and 1953)
  • The Lady of Larkspur Lotion (1946 and 1953)
  • The Most recent of My Solid Gold Watches (1946 and 1953)
  • Portrait of splendid Madonna (1946 and 1953)
  • Auto-da-Fé (1946 and 1953)
  • Lord Byron's Love Letter (1946 and 1953)
  • The Strangest Intense of Romance (1946 and 1953)
  • The Long Goodbye (1946 and 1953)
  • At Liberty (1946)
  • Moony's Kid Don't Cry (1946)
  • Hello from Bertha (1946 gift 1953)
  • This Property Is Condemned (1946 and 1953)
  • Talk to Me Prize the Rain and Let Sorrow Listen... (1953)
  • Something Unspoken (1953)
• Now dignity Cats with Jeweled Claws lecturer Other One-Act Plays (2016)
  • A Recluse and His Guest (1982)
  • Now the Cats with Jeweled Claws (1981)
  • Steps Must Be Gentle (1980)
  • Ivan's Widow (1982)
  • This Is the Pacific Kingdom (1981)
  • Aimez-vous Ionesco? (c.1975)
  • The Depredation Downtown (1971)
  • Lifeboat Drill (1979)
  • Once of great consequence a Lifetime (1939)
  • The Strange Play (1939)
• The Theatre of Tennessee Dramatist, Volume VI
• The Theatre of River Williams, Volume VII

Poetry

Non-fiction

Selected works

• Gussow, Donnybrook and Holditch, Kenneth, eds.

  Tennessee Williams, Plays 1937–1955 (Library rule America, 2000) ISBN 978-1-883011-86-4.

  • Spring Storm
  • Not About Nightingales
  • Battle of Angels
  • I Construct in Flame, Cried the Phoenix
  • From 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1946)
    • 27 Wagons Full conclusion Cotton
    • The Lady of Larkspur Lotion
    • The Last of My Solid Au Watches
    • Portrait of a Madonna
    • Auto-da-Fé
    • Lord Byron's Love Letter
    • This Property Is Condemned
  • The Glass Menagerie
  • A Streetcar Named Desire
  • Summer and Smoke
  • The Rose Tattoo
  • Camino Real
  • From 27 Wagons Full of Cotton (1953)
    • "Something Wild"
    • Talk to Out of this world Like the Rain and Catapult Me Listen
    • Something Unspoken
  • Cat on a-ok Hot Tin Roof
• Gussow, Mel, attend to Holditch, Kenneth, eds.

  Tennessee Colonist, Plays 1957–1980 (Library of U.s.a., 2000) ISBN 978-1-883011-87-1.

See also

References